Abstract:Objective To explore the clinical significance of serum sodium（Na） combined with serum albumin（ALB） in assessment of children with Kawasaki disease（KD）. Methods Two hundred and twenty children with initial diagnosed KD hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2017 to January 2022 were selected for a retrospective study and were divided into complete KD group（cKD group, n=180） and incomplete KD group（iKD group, n=40） by KD diagnostic criteria. According to the results of echocardiography, they were divided into the coronary artery lesions(CAL) group（CAL group, n=33） and the non-coronary artery lesions group（nCAL group, n=187）. Based on the sensitivity to intravenous immunoglobulin（IVIG）,the patients were divided into IVIG sensitive group（n=209） and IVIG non-sensitive group（n=11）. The serum Na and ALB levels, blood routine and biochemical indexes were detected and compared among the groups to analyze the independent risk factors for CAL and the diagnostic efficacy of single and combined detection of serum Na and ALB in KD children complicated with CAL. Results There were significant differences in blood levels of Na, ALB, platelet count（PLT）, C-reactive protein（CRP） and gender between CAL group and nCAL group, and in serum Na level and fever duration between iKD group and cKD group, while in serum levels of Na, ALB, total bilirubin（TB） and fever duration between IVIG non-sensitive group and IVIG sensitive group(P＜0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that low serum Na and ALB levels and high PLT and CRP levels were the independent risk factors for CAL（P＜0.05）. When serum Na was ≤133.95mmol/L, the sensitivity and specificity of its predicting KD with CAL were 84.8% and 77.0%, respectively, and the area under the curve（AUC） was 0.853. When ALB was ≤32.95g / L, the sensitivity and specificity of its predicting KD with CAL were 81.8% and 86.6%, respectively, and AUC was 0.891. The AUC of serum Na combined with ALB was 0.934. Conclusion The combined detection of serum Na and ALB has better diagnostic efficacy and higher predictive value in KD children complicated with CAL.