Abstract:Objective To explore the changes in serum anterior pituitary hormones and the related factors of patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Methods The clinical data of 109 patients with severe traumatic brain injury treated in the Jin Cheng Peoples Hospital from June 2018 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into normal group (n=60) and abnormal group (n=49) according to serum levels of anterior pituitary hormones detected 1 to 3 days after craniocerebral injury. The high-risk factors of the abnormal secretion of serum anterior pituitary hormones was explored. Results Compared with those in normal group, the level of C-reactive protein and the incidences of skull base fracture, Glasgow coma scale score (GCS) of 3-8, diffuse axonal injury, cerebral hernia and traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage significantly increased in abnormal group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that skull base fracture, GCS score of 3-8, diffuse axonal injury, cerebral hernia and subarachnoid hemorrhage were the independent risk factors for abnormal secretion of serum anterior pituitary hormones (P<0.05). Conclusions Severe traumatic brain injury has a higher risk of abnormal secretion of serum anterior pituitary hormones. The risk factors that can affect the abnormal secretion of serum anterior pituitary hormones include GCS score of 3-8 and existence for skull base fractures, diffuse axonal injuries, brain herniation, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Monitoring the serum levels of anterior pituitary hormones is of great significance to the evaluation of disease.