Abstract:Objective To understand the high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the relationship between different subtypes of high-risk HPV and cervical lesions among free cervical cancer-screened women in Jiangbei New District, Nanjing, China, in order to provide a basis for prevention and treatment of cervical cancer and vaccination in this city. Methods A total of 26 604 women aged 35-64 years who underwent free cervical cancer screening in various medical and health institutions in Jiangbei New District, Nanjing City, from January to December 2023 were selected, and 14 high-risk HPV and 2 low-risk HPV were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-DNA reverse dot hybridization, liquid-based thin-layer cytology (TCT) was performed, and histopathologic examination was performed on screened women who met the indications for colposcopy. HPV infection, cervical lesions, and the relationship between different HPV infection status and cervical lesions were analyzed. Results Among 26 604 female subjects, 2458 (9.24%) were HPV-infected, and 2 373 (8.92%) were high-risk HPV-infected. The five high-risk HPV genotypes with the highest detection rates were HPV52 (2.45%)、HPV58 (1.42%)、HPV16 (1.00%)、HPV51 (0.92%)，and HPV68 (0.83%). Cervical biopsies were performed in 852 cases, and 451 cases had cervical lesions, including 286 of low-grade lesions, 156 of high-grade lesions, and 9 of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of the number of infections in different age groups (P<0.05). In the 55-64 age group, the percentage of single infection was lower than that in other age groups and the percentage of double infection and multiple infection was higher than that in other age groups, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The differences in the percentage of cervical lesions in patients with different number of infections were statistically significant (P<0.05), and the percentage of cervical lesions in patients with double infections was significantly higher than that of single infection and multiple infections (P<0.05). ConclusionThe HPV infection rate of women aged 35-64 years in Jiangbei New District, Nanjing, is at a moderate level, with the highest detection rate of HPV52 and HPV58 subtypes. The 55-64 years old age group is more prone to dual or multiple infections, and the incidence of cervical lesions in dual infections is higher, which needs to be focused on.