Abstract:Objective To explore the correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D［25(OH)D］ level and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR).Methods A retrospective study was conducted, involving 248 patients with type 2 diabetes(T2DM) (aged≥18 years) who were treated in the Department of Endocrinology of the First Peoples Hospital of Huangzhong District, Xining City, from August 2023 to May 2024. Based on whether DR occurred, they were divided into T2DM group (n=149) and DR group (n=99). The relationships of serum TSH and 25(OH)D levels on DR patients were analyzed by binary logistic regression. Results Compared with the T2DM group, the DR group exhibited significantly lower levels of 25(OH)D ［12.07 (9.93, 14.38) ng/mL vs 19.78 (17.85, 23.09)ng/mL, U=11.23, P＜0.01］ and significantly higher levels of TSH ［4.22 (3.39,5.83) μIU/mL vs 1.79(1.39,2.35) μIU/mL, U=12.37, P＜0.01］. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the 25(OH)D level was negatively correlated with the TSH level (r=-0.66, P＜0.01) and TPOAb level (r=-0.13, P=0.04) in the DR group. Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that high 25(OH)D, high body mass index (BMI) and high total cholesterol (TC) were protective factors for DR (P＜0.05). High TSH, long course of disease and high free thyroxine (FT4) were risk factors for DR (P＜0.05). Conclusion The serum 25(OH)D level in patients with DR is low and negatively correlated with the serum TSH level.