Abstract:Breast cancer is a global problem that jeopardizes women's health, and its incidence ranks the first female malignant tumors. Recently, more and more studies have shown a significant association between intestinal microecology and the development of breast cancer. In Chinese medicine theory, “treating from the spleen” involves “the spleen is the master of transportation, the spleen is the master of ascending and clearing, the spleen is the master of thinking, and the spleen is the guardian”, and the intestinal microecology has a high similarity with the above physiological functions. Therefore, based on the intestinal flora, this article would discuss the scientific connotation of treating breast cancer with the spleen theory, and provide the molecular mechanism of breast cancer treatment with the spleen theory for Chinese medicine, with the aim of broadening the ideas of Chinese and Western medical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.