Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of moist exposed burn therapy (MEBT) /moist exposed burn ointment (MEBO) on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase 1 (Arg1) in diabetic wounds. Methods Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: blank group, MEBO group, Beifuxin group and control group, with 12 rats in each group. The blank group was used to build the acute wound model of normal rats, and the MEBO group, Beifuxin group and control group were used to build the wound model of diabetes rats. After the establishment of the model, MEBO group and Beifuxin group were given two layers of MEBO gauze and recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor gel (Beifuxin?) gauze for external application on the wound surface respectively, and the control group and the blank group were covered with two layers of normal saline gauze. HE staining, immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR were used to observe the wound healing, histomorphological changes and the expression changes of M1/M2 macrophage markers iNOS and Arg1 in the wound tissue of rats in each group on the 3rd, 7th and 14th days after modeling. Results On the 7th and 14th days after modeling, the healing rates of MEBO group, blank group and Beifuxin group were higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05). On the third day of modeling, the expression level of iNOS mRNA in MEBO group, control group and Beifuxin group was higher than that in blank group, while the expression level of Arg1 mRNA was lower than that in blank group (P＜0.05). On the 7th and 14th day after modeling, compared with the control group, the expression level of Arg1 mRNA in MEBO group, and Beifuxin group was higher, while the expression level of iNOS mRNA was lower (P＜0.05). Conclusion MEBT/MEBO can accelerate diabetic wound healing, and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting iNOS, promoting Arg1 expression, and participating in regulating macrophage M1/M2 polarization.