Abstract:Objective To evaluate the effect of switching to the second-line antiviral therapy drugs in HIV/AIDS patients. Methods According to the inclusion criteria, the data of HIV/AIDS patients in Weifang from 2006 to 2021 were extracted from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, and the changes and correlation of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺cell count, CD4⁺/CD8⁺ratio and HIV viral load were analyzed and compared before and after switching to the second-line antiviral drugs in HIV/AIDS patients. Results A total of 116 patients received switching to second-line antiviral therapy. Compared with before switching, after 1 year and 2 years of switching，the median CD4⁺ cell count increased from 244.50 cells/μL to 360.50 cells/μL and 409.50 cells/μL (P<0.05), CD8⁺ cell count increased from 875.00 cells/μL to 981.00 cells/μL and 900.50 cells/μL, with no significant difference (P＞0.05), the ratio of CD4⁺/CD8⁺ increased from 0.28 to 0.35 and 0.41 (P<0.01), and the viral load reduced from 3 592 copies/mL to 0 (P<0.01), respectively. Conclusion For HIV/AIDS patients, the effect of switching to the second-line antiviral therapy drugs is obvious, which can promote the growth of CD4⁺cells and the recovery of CD4⁺/CD8⁺ratio, and can obtain better immune recovery and virus load response.