Abstract:Objective To explore the application and clinical effect of double posteromedial approach of one-way valve resection under arthroscopy in the treatment of popliteal cysts. Methods A retrospective study was performed on the clinical data of 24 patients with popliteal cysts undergoing arthroscopic double posteromedial approach of one-way valve resection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from January 2020 to March 2022. The visual analog scale (VAS), Lysholm score of knee joint and Rauschning-Lindgren grade for popliteal cysts were used to assess the pain degree and joint function before surgery, 1 week after surgery and 6 months after surgery. The postoperative recurrence rate and clinical outcomes were observed. Results After 6-month postoperative follow-up, VAS score were significantly lower than that before operation (1.75±0.85 vs 5.42±1.31, P＜0.05). Lysholm knee score were higher than that before operation (86.92±7.51 vs 53.33±9.37, P＜0.05). Rauschning-Lindgren grade at 6 months after surgery (grade 0 in 17 cases, grade Ⅰ in 4 cases, grade Ⅱ in 2 cases, and grade Ⅲ in 1 case) was significantly better than that before surgery (grade Ⅱ in 19 cases and grade Ⅲ in 5 cases) (Z =3.724, P＜0.01). All patients had no postoperative complications such as joint infection, intra-articular hematoma, lower limb deep vein thrombosis or neurovascular injury and recurrence of popliteal cysts. Conclusion In the treatment of popliteal cysts, arthroscopic double posteromedial approach of one-way value resection has a good clinical effect, low recurrence rate and significant improvement in postoperative knee joint function.