Abstract:Objective To investigate the associations of the levels of peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio（NLR）, interleukin-18（IL-18） and thromboxane B2（TXB-2） with acute attack of bronchial asthma. Methods A total of 113 patients with bronchial asthma admitted to the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from June 2020 to January 2022 were divided into acute attack group（n=52） and remission group（n=61） according to the proirity of the disease. In the same period, 45 healthy people were served as control group. The ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive value of peripheral blood NLR, IL-18 and TXB-2 levels for acute attack of bronchial asthma,and the correlation among them was conducted. Results The NLR, IL-18 and TXB-2 levels decreased significantly in the order of acute attack group, remission group and control group（P＜0.05）. After treatment, peripheral blood NLR, IL-18 and TXB-2 levels significantly decreased in acute attack group and remission group compared with those before treatment, and were statistically lower in remission group than those in acute attack group（P＜0.01）. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve（AUC） and sensitivity of combined detection of NLR, IL-18 and TXB-2 in predicting acute attack of bronchial asthma were significantly higher than those of separate detection of three indicators（P＜0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the levels of NLR, IL-18 and TXB-2 were positively correlated with each other（P＜0.05）. Conclusion In the patients with acute attack of bronchial asthma, peripheral blood NLR, IL-18 and TXB-2 levels are significantly high and the interaction of them is involved in the acute attack of bronchial asthma. Combined detection of three indicators is beneficial to the risk assessment for acute attack of bronchial asthma.