Abstract:ObjectiveTo explore the effect of antibacterial dressing on prevention of peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC) catheter-related infection in lung cancer patients with bone marrow suppression caused by chemotherapy. Methods A total of 95 lung cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression and PICC catheter were selected and divided into three groups according to different dressing used. There were 31 cases treated with chlorohexidine gluconate dressing(group A),32 cases with iodophor gauze dressing(group B) and 32 cases with transparent dressing(group C). The effects of different dressings on preventing infection were observed in three groups. Results There was no significant difference in the incidence of local infection, including bleeding and exudation, lymphangitis and suppuration among the three groups(P＞0.05). The incidence of local infection such as redness, tenderness, increased local temperature and induration(any two or more manifestations) in group C(56.2%) was significant higher than that in group A(3.2%) and group B(9.4%)(P＜0.01). The numbers of dressing change in group B was significantly higher than those in other two groups（P＜0.05）.There were 2 strains, 4 strains and 9 strains of pathogenic bacteria respectively detected in group A, group B and group C, but the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）. Conclusion On prevention of PICC catheter-related infection in lung cancer patients with bone marrow suppression caused by chemotherapy,the chlorhexidine gluconate dressing and iodavor gauze dressing can effectively reduce the occurrence of local infection of PICC catheter , and whether there is a statistically significant benefit in reducing bacterial customization remains to be observed.