Abstract:Glucocorticoids have anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, anti-shock and anti-toxic actions as major pharmacological effects,which can prevent and inhibit immune inflammatory response and pathological immune response. In clinic practice, they can be widely used to treat immune system diseases, kidney diseases, allergies and blood system diseases because of their remarkable therapeutic effect. However, long-term and high-dose use can cause lens posterior capsule opacification and lead to glucocorticoid-induced cataract（GIC）. The complex and incompletely elucidated pathogenesis brings some difficulties in the treatment of GIC. In recent years,the various theories on the pathogenesis of GIC almost touch on the cell proliferation and apoptosis. Therefore, this paper focuses on the functions of multiple genes, proteins, growth factors and signal transduction pathways in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis to explore the role of cell proliferation and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid induced cataract.