Abstract:Objective To analyze the risk factors affecting the elderly patients with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and their survival within 30 days. Methods The clinical data of 311 patients with diarrhea over 60 years old in the Hebei General Hospital from June 2018 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether the patients were infected with Clostridium difficile (CD), they divided into CD-positive group (141 cases) and CD-negative group (170 cases). The risk factors and survival of CDI were analyzed combined with clinical and laboratory data. Results The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, positive fecal occult blood, antibiotics use for≥7 days, hospitalization history within 3 months, and colonoscopy were independent risk factors for CDI in elderly patients (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in survival rate within 30 d of admission between the CD-positive group and CD-negative group (P＞0.05). Conclusion The risk of CDI is higher in elderly patients, especially for those with elevated CRP, positive fecal occult blood, a hospitalization history within 3 months, antimicrobial use for≥7 days during hospitalization, and those undergoing colonoscopy, it is necessary to strengthen the detection of CD.