Abstract:Objective To investigate and study the current status of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and epidemiological study of prognosis in elderly patients after cerebral hemorrhage surgery.Methods A total of 386 patients received cerebral hemorrhage surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University were enrolled as the research objects between January 2017 and October 2021. All patients were investigated by self-designed epidemiological questionnaires and were given neuropsychological tests. During follow-up, change trends of cognitive function were reflected by intelligence tests. Taking senile dementia as the follow-up outcomes, prognosis epidemiology of MCI patients was studied. Results The cognitive function of MCI patients was lower in those with older age, female gender, lower educational level, physical labour, single person state and family monthly income<500 yuan (OR=1.866, P<0.05). Age (OR=1.968, P=0.037), gender (OR=1.863, P=0.044), educational level (OR=0.550，P=0.039) and monthly income (OR=1.866, P=0.031) were independent influencing factors of MCI after cerebral hemorrhage surgery. The incidence rates of cognitive decline, cognitive recovery and dementia in MCI patients were 12.95%, 5.51% and 3.03%, respectively. The incidence of cognitive decline or even progress to dementia was higher in patients with older age, female gender, lower educational level, physical labor, single person state and family monthly income<500 yuan.Conclusion The investigation of current status and epidemiological study of prognosis are conducive to effective early warning of dementia and timely intervention in MCI patients.