Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of precise hepatectomy and conventional liver resection on immune function in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Methods A total of 220 patients with primary HCC confirmed by operation and pathology from January 2016 to June 2018 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group (n=110,each).The precise hepatectomy was performed in observation group,and the routine hepatectomy was conducted in control group.The intra-operative blood loss,operation time,postoperative drainage,hospital stay,postoperative changes in liver function and complications were compared,and the levels of CD3⁺,CD4⁺,CD8⁺,CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in peripheral blood were observed and analyzed before and after treatment between two groups. Results The blood loss ［(509.74 ±32.19) ml vs (694.88±44.97)ml］,postoperative drainage volume［(1 419.36±197.56)ml vs (1 916.34±243.92)ml］ and hospital stay［(18.16±4.68)d vs (23.04±6.19)d］ in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (all P<0.01),but the operation time was significantly longer than that in control group (P<0.01).At 1 week after operation,the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly lower in observation group than those in control group (P<0.05),and there were statistical differences in AST and ALT levels before and after operation in both groups(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the total incidence of complications significantly reduced (22.73% vs 35.45%,P<0.05),and the levels of CD3⁺,CD4⁺,CD8⁺,CD4⁺/CD8⁺ and IgG significantly increased in observation group one week after operation (all P<0.05). Conclusion Accurate hepatectomy is more conducive to the protection of immune function and the recovery of liver function and higher safety in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after operation.