Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of poractant alfa combined with conventional therapy on premature infants with apnea. Methods Ninety-six premature infants with apnea admitted to hospital from September 2016 to September 2017 were randomly divided into control group and observation group (n=48,each).Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) was given in both groups as soon as apnea symptoms appeared,and the frequency of apnea was recorded.The conventional treatment was performed in control group,and poractant alfa injection was added in observation group based on the treatment in control group.The pulmonary function after treatment and the neurobehavioral,intellectual and motor development at 40 weeks corrected age were compared between two groups. Results After treatment,the number of apneas and the time of treatment with oxygen and NCPAP decreased significantly in observation group compared with control group (all P<0.05),and the lung function parameters were statistically higher than those in control group(all P<0.05).The neurobehavioral score(38.62±1.18 vs 35.24±1.37),mental development index(MDI)and psychological development index(PDI)in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion Poractant alfa can improve the pulmonary function of premature infants,reduce the incidence of apnea and have certain promotion effect on the development of neurobehavioral behavior.