Abstract:Objective To observe the effect of anal dilatation on postoperative complications of mixed hemorrhoids. Methods Forty-eight patients with mixed hemorrhoids who received treatment at Nanjing Jiangbei People′s Hospital from October 2016 to January 2018 were randomly divided into treatment group and control group (n=24, each). The external incision and internal ligation of mixed hemorrhoids was performed in control group, while it was conducted after anal dilatation in treatment group.The postoperative pain at first defecation and 7 days after operation, wound edema and bleeding were observed in both groups. Results The pain at first defecation and 7 days after operation in treatment group significantly decreased compared with control group (P＜0.05). Compared with control group, wound edema significantly reduced at postoperative first defecation in treatment group (P<0.05), however, there was no statistical difference in it 7 days after surgery (P>0.05).Wound bleeding volume in treatment group was significantly lower than that in control group at above-mentioned two time points (P<0.05). Conclusion Anorectal dilatation before mixed hemorrhoids operation can alleviate postoperative pain, reduce marginal edema and wound bleeding which is effective in relieving postoperative complications.