Abstract:ObjectiveTo explore the influence of cluster nursing under the guidance of Maslows hierarchy of needs theory on the complications of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) during anesthesia recovery. Methods A total of 200 patients undergoing LC in Hebei General Hospital from June to October 2023 were selected as the study objects, and were divided into experimental group (cluster nursing under the guidance of hierarchy of need theory) and control group (conventional nursing) according to random number table method, with 100 cases in each group. The time of getting out of bed, exhaust time, hospital stay, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores, self-rating depression scale (SDS) scores and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were compared between the two groups. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the incidence of complications during anesthesia recovery, and Cox proportional risk model was used to analyze the clinical factors affecting the complications during anesthesia recovery in patients undergoing LC. Results The time of getting out of bed, exhaust time and hospital stay in experimental group were earlier than those in control group(P＜0.01). The scores of SAS, SDS and VAS in two groups after intervention were lower than before intervention (P＜0.05), and those in experimental group were lower than those in control group (P＜0.05). The complication rate of patients in the experimental group was 8.00%, and that of control group was 21.00% (Log-rank=6.970， P=0.008).There were statistically significant differences in age, BMI, operation time, intraoperative blood loss and nursing methods among patients with complications in different anesthesia recovery stages (P＜0.05). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that age (OR=1.063,P=0.009), BMI (OR=1.202, P=0.031), operation time (OR=1.088, P＜0.01), nursing mode (OR=4.563, P＜0.01) were the factors affecting the complications during anesthesia recovery in patients undergoing LC. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that longer operation time (OR=1.061, P=0.002), routine nursing method (OR=2.822, P=0.020) were the risk factors of complications during recovery from anesthesia in patients undergoing LC. Conclusion The application of cluster nursing under the guidance of hierarchy of need theory in patients undergoing LC can shorten the time of getting out of bed, exhaust time and hospitalization time, improve patients negative emotions and alleviate patients pain, and has clinical significance in reducing the occurrence of complications during the recovery period of anesthesia in patients undergoing LC.