Abstract:Objective To evaluate the changes in sex hormone levels in male patients with obesity after receiving laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Methods Forty-three male obese patients who received LSG at the Clinical Research Center for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Weight Loss Metabolic Surgery in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2013 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed for preoperative and 1-year follow-up clinical data. The main outcomes were sex hormone levels ［estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin, progesterone, and testosterone］, blood lipids, chest circumference, abdominal circumference, hip circumference, and body weight. Results One year after LSG, the levels of chest circumference, abdominal circumference, hip circumference, body weight, and body mass index (BMI) decreased in the whole group (P＜0.01). Correlation analysis showed that preoperative E2 was positively correlated with body weight (r=0.340), while testosterone was negatively correlated with BMI (r=-0.369), abdominal circumference (r=-0.372), hip circumference (r=-0.384), and chest circumference (r=-0.366)，respectively (P＜0.05). Compared with the preoperative levels, the serum testosterone level increased in the whole group one year after LSG ［4.8(3.9,5.8) ng/mLvs 2.6(1.9, 3.0) ng/mL,Z=6.530,P＜0.01］, while the levels of of E2 and prolactin decreased significantly (P<0.01); the levels of FSH, LH and progesterone decreased slightly, but no statistically difference was found (P>0.05). Postoperative total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were improved compared with preoperative (P＜0.05). Conclusion LSG bariatric surgery is safe and effective, and the degree of obesity in men is negatively correlated with testosterone levels. LSG can effectively increase testosterone levels, and reduce E2 and prolactin levels in male obesity patients.