Abstract:Objective To investigate the levels of serum soluble CD14 subtype (Presepsin) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) in patients with acute myocarditis and their correlation with inflammation factor levels and cardiac function indexes. Methods Fifty patients with acute myocarditis diagnosed and treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from October 2020 to October 2021 were selected as the case group, and 80 healthy people who received physical examination in the same period were selected as the control group. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the serum levels of Presepsin, GDF-15, and inflammatory factors ［tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)］. The indexes of cardiac function ［left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD)］ were measured by echocardiography. Pearson method was used to measure and analyze the correlation between serum Presepsin and GDF-15 levels in patients with myocarditis, and the correlation of the two indexes levels with the inflammation and cardiac function. ROC curve was applied to determine the diagnostic value of serum Presepsin and GDF-15 levels for acute myocarditis. Results Compared with the control group, the proportion of hypercholesterolemia, the serum levels of Presepsin, GDF-15, IL-6, TNF-α, hs-CRP and the values of LVEDD and LVMI in the case group were significantly higher （P＜0.05）, but LVEF was significantly lower （P＜0.05）. Pearson analysis showed that serum Presepsin was positively correlated with GDF-15 levels in patients with acute myocarditis (P＜0.05), and they were respectively correlated with IL-6, TNF- α, hs-CRP, LVEDD and LVMI levels, while negatively correlated with LVEF (P＜0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of serum Presepsin and GDF-15 levels in diagnosis of acute myocarditis was 0.873 and 0.816, respectively. When the optimal cut-off values was 77.62 pg/mL and 96.80 pg/mL, the sensitivity was 68.00% and 80.00% and the specificity was 95.00% and 70.00%, respectively. The area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity of the combined diagnosis for acute myocarditis were 0.908, 86.00% and 81.25%, respectively. Conclusion The levels of serum Presepsin and GDF-15 in patients with acute myocarditis are obviously increased, which are closely related to the level of inflammation and left ventricular remodeling. The two indexes have certain diagnostic value for the occurrence of acute myocarditis, and their combined diagnostic value is higher.