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Received:August 04, 2023 Published Online:March 20, 2024
Received:August 04, 2023 Published Online:March 20, 2024
中文摘要: 目的 分析南通市通州区2017—2022年法定传染病的流行特征，为制定针对性的防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法分析2017—2022年南通市通州区法定传染病报告数据。结果 2017—2022年南通市通州区报告法定传染病26种25 379例，年平均发病率为33.80 ?；死亡27例，年均死亡率为0.04 ?。报告病例中，男女发病率性别比为1.34∶1；＜10岁年龄组报告传染病发病率最高，以水痘和手足口病病例为主；职业以农民、幼托儿童、学生、散居儿童和家务、待业人员为主；夏季以手足口病和其他感染性腹泻病等消化道传染病报告为主，冬季以水痘等呼吸道传染病报告较多；高发地为先锋街道、金沙街道和兴仁镇；以呼吸道传染病和肠道传染病为主；报告发病率前3位的病种为水痘、手足口病和梅毒。结论 2017—2022年南通市通州区法定传染病报告发病率总体呈现波动下降的趋势，但仍需加强水痘、手足口病等的监测和防控的力度，重视梅毒等性传播疾病的宣传与干预，将法定传染病的发病率和死亡率维持在全国较低水平。
Abstract:Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Tongzhou District of Nantong from 2017 to 2022, and provide scientific basis for developing targeted prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the reported data of notifiable infectious diseases in Tongzhou District of Nantong from 2017 to 2022. Results From 2017 to 2022, a total of 25 379 cases of 26 types of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Tongzhou District of Nantong, with an average annual incidence of 33.80 per 10 000. There were 27 deaths, with an average annual mortality rate of 0.04 per 10 000. Among the reported cases, the ratio of male to female reported incidence was 1.34∶1. The highest incidence of infectious diseases was observed in the age group under 10 years, mainly due to cases of varicella and hand-foot-mouth disease. The main occupational groups affected were farmers, preschool children, students, scattered children, and homemakers / unemployed individuals. Digestive tract infectious diseases such as hand-foot-mouth disease and other infectious diarrhea were mainly reported in summer, while respiratory tract infectious diseases such as varicella were more common in winter. The areas with the highest incidence were Xianfeng Street, Jinsha Street, and Xingren Town. The main types of infectious diseases reported were respiratory and intestinal tract infections. The top three reported diseases in terms of incidence rate were varicella, hand-foot-mouth disease, and syphilis. Conclusion In 2017—2022, the reported incidence of notifiable infectious disease in Tongzhou District of Nantong has showed a trend of fluctuating decline. However, it is still necessary to strengthen the monitoring and prevention of varicella and hand-foot-mouth disease, pay attention to the publicity and intervention of sexually transmitted diseases (such as syphilis), and maintain the incidence and mortality of notifiable infectious diseases at a low level compared to the national average.
keywords: Notifiable infectious diseases Epidemiology Incidence Mortality rate Trends Varicella Hand-foot-mouth Syphilis
文章编号： 中图分类号：R183 文献标志码：A
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