Abstract:Objective To explore the short-and long-term efficacy and toxic and side effects of hyperfractionated radiotherapy with different fractionated doses in patients with limited stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Methods From August 2017 to August 2019, 70 patients with limited stage SCLC admitted to Zhangye People’s Hospital were selected and divided into control group (n=35) and observation group (n=35) according to the random number table method. Conventional chemotherapy and hyperfractionated radiotherapy were used in both groups, with a total dose of 45 Gy in the control group and 60 Gy in the observation group. A three-year follow-up was carried out to compare the short- and long-term efficacy (survival and local control rate), and the occurrence of toxic and side effects between the two groups. Results The total effective rate in the observation group was obviously higher than that in the control group (91.43% vs 71.43%, χ²=4.629, P=0.031). The 1-, 2-, and 3-year local control rates and survival rates of patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P＞0.05), and most of adverse reactions were grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ, which did not affect the course of treatment. After treatment, the scores of life quality in both groups increased significantly (P＜0.01), and the observation group showed a significant increase compared to the control group (P＜0.01). Conclusion Hyperfractionnated radiotherapy with appropriately increased fractionated dose for patients with limited stage SCLC has better short- and long-term efficacy, higher local control rate and survival, and no significant increase in toxic and side effects, which is safe and can improve the quality of patients' life.