Abstract:Objective To analyze the characteristics of anemia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) complicated with talaromycosis marneffei (TSM). Methods Patients coinfected with AIDS and TSM in Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University between January 2016 and December 2020 were retrospectively included. Demographic data and anemia-related laboratory results were collected, and the type and degree of anemia of the patients were analyzed. Results A total of 383 patients were included and the prevalence of anemia was 84.33%(323/383).According to classification of anemia, mild, moderate and severe anemia accounted for 63.47%, 33.74% and 2.79%, respectively. According to erythrocyte morphology，microcytic anemia，normocytic anemia and macrocytic anemia accounted for 17.34%、80.80% and 1.86%, respectively. Compared with patients without anemia, patients with anemia had more women(14.24% vs 3.33%, χ2=5.492, P=0.019), more CD4+ ＜20 cells/μL(73.37% vs 60.00%, χ2=4.421, P=0.035), more white blood cell＜3×10⁹/L(36.22% vs 16.67%, χ2=8.731, P=0.003)and more blood platelet ＜50×10⁹/L(19.81% vs 8.33%, χ2=4.516, P=0.034). Conclusion The incidence of anemia in patients coinfected with AIDS and TSM is very high, especially in female patients with CD4+ ＜20 counts. For AIDS patients with anemia， physicians should pay more attention to these patients and treat them with fungi-medicine timely if necessary.