Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of thoracoscopic segmental resection and lobectomy in the treatment of early lung cancer. Methods A total of 70 patients with lung cancer of Ⅰa stage who received operation from June 2018 to 2022 at Nanjing Jiangbei Hospital were selected. The patients were divided into group A and group B according to the operation methods. Segmental resection and lymph node sampling were detected in group A, while otectomy and lymph node dissection were detected in group B. The surgical time, intraoperative bleeding, total postoperative drainage, drainage tube insertion time, incidence of complications, pulmonary function at 3 months after surgery, and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results The surgical time in group A was higher than that in group B ［ (2.5±0.5) h vs (2.0±0.3) h, P<0.05］, and there was no significant difference in intraoperative bleeding between the two groups ［100.00 (90.0, 130.0) mL vs 110.00 (95.0, 135.0) mL, P>0.05］. The postoperative drainage flow volume ［ (350.0±65.2) mL vs (450.0±78.5) mL, P<0.05］ and drainage tube insertion time ［ (3.1±0.3) d vs (4.0±0.6) d, P<0.05］ in group A were significantly better than those in group B. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications (P>0.05) . After 3 months of postoperative pulmonary function review, MVV, FVC, and FEV₁ in group A were significantly better than those in group B, with statistical significance (P<0.05) . Regular follow-up after surgery did not detect recurrence or distant hematogenous metastasis. Conclusion Thoracoscopic segmental resection of early-stage Ⅰa lung cancer can reduce postoperative drainage flow, reduce drainage tube insertion time, and better protect lung function.