Abstract:Kawasaki disease usually occurs in children under 5 years of age and mainly involves small and medium blood vessels in the whole body. Common serious complications include coronary artery dilation and coronary aneurysm. The incidence of Kawasaki disease has been increasing year by year in recent years, and it has gradually become one of the main causes of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries. At present, the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease is not clear, and the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease mainly depends on clinical characteristics and imaging examination. Therefore，this review will focus on recent studies on the epidemiology and molecular science of Kawasaki disease, to contribute to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of Kawasaki disease.