Abstract:Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune disease with a complex pathogenesis and there are still many difficulties in the treatment. Glucocorticoids, as the main drugs, can exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects through powerful genomic and non-genomic actions.At present, glucocorticoid pulse therapy is still used as the first-line regimen for moderate and severe active TAO, with excellent effect and less adverse reactions. However, glucocorticoid combined with other drugs or the use of new biological agents is the trend of efficient management of TAO in the future, but it still needs to be compared with the standard intravenous glucocorticoid regimen in a large number of randomized controlled trials.