Abstract:Objective To analyze the impacts of anlotinib on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome types and evolution characteristics of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods A total of 100 patients with advanced NSCLC (stage Ⅲb and Ⅳ) treated from June 2017 to August 2020 were selected as the subjects,including 56 males and 44 females,47 cases of adenocarcinoma and 53 cases of squamous cell carcinoma.After the patients were treated with small molecule multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor—anlotinib hydrochloride capsule,TCM symptoms,physical signs,tongue coating and pulse condition were observed.The contents of the observation were summarized and classified according to the diagnostic criteria of TCM syndromes at 7 days before treatment and 42 days after treatment (two cycles). Results The main symptoms of patients with advanced NSCLC were cough(82.00%),expectoration(80.00%) and chest and back pain (53.00%),and only 29.00% patients presented with normal complexion.Before treatment,there were 40 cases (40.00%) of yellow tongue coating and 43 cases (43.00%) of slippery pulse.After treatment,the number of cases with yellow-greasy tongue coating,red tongue and slippery pulse statistically decreased (P<0.05),while the cases of thin and yellow tongue coating,little or no tongue coating,dry and red tongue,pale white tongue,regularly intermittent pulse and thready-rapid pulse increased slightly,but there were no statistical difference before and after treatment(P>0.05). Seven days before treatment,the total proportion of syndrome type of Qi-deficiency and phlegm-dampness was 73.00%,after 42 days of treatment,it significantly decreased to 36.00%,and there was significant difference(P<0.01).Before treatment,the total proportion of syndrome type of internal-heat due to Yin-deficiency and Qi-Yin deficiency was 17.00%,and it increased to 50.00% after treatment,and there was significant difference (P<0.01). Conclusions The targeted therapy with anlotinib has a certain influence on the evolution of TCM syndrome types in patients with advanced NSCLC.The syndrome types of patients are mainly phlegm-dampness and Qi-deficiency before treatment and were Qi -Yin deficiency and Yin-deficiency with internal-heat after treatment.It is suggested that some drugs for tonifying Qi,nourishing Yin and clearing away heat and removing detoxify can be taken appropriately in the early stage of treatment.