Abstract:Objective To investigate and analyze the risk factors of ureter stenosis after treating ureteral calculi with transurethral ureteroscopy pneumatic lithotripsy. Methods The clinical data of 720 ureteral calculi patients who received transurethral ureteroscopy pneumatic lithotripsy from January 2011 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. All the patients were divided into stenosis group and non-stenosis group according to the postoperative follow-up. The clinical data of two groups of patients were analyzed by single factor analysis (chi square test), and then multivariate analysis (unconditional Logistic regression) was used to analyze the risk factors for ureteral stenosis. Results 720 patients were followed up for 10 to 24 months after operation, and there were 37 patients (5. 14%) of postoperative ureteral stenosis. Single factor analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between two groups in the course of disease, stone diameter, multiple stones, incarcerated stones(P<0.05, P<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for ureter stenosis were incarcerated stones (OR=3.68, P<0.01), multiple stones (OR=3.49, P<0.01), large stone (OR=2.88, P<0.01), long course (OR=1.78, P=0.048). Conclusion For ureteral calculi patients with incarcerated, multiple and large stones, long course, moderate and severe hydronephrosis and polyps wrapped, the risk of ureter stenosis after operation could be increased, which must arouse the attention of the clinical workers.