Abstract:Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of anterior decompression and bone grafting internal fixation for the treatment of lower cervical spine fracture and dislocation. Methods Forty-nine patients with lower cervical spine fractures and dislocations who admitted in Yibin Second People's Hospital and underwent anterior decompression and bone grafting internal fixation from October 2014 to October 2016 were selected as objects. Operation situation, operation efficacy, recovery of cervical vertebra and spinal cord functions and complications were observed. Anterior decompression and bone grafting fusion and internal fixation were performed in all patients, and the conditions of operation, the effect of operation, the conditions of postoperative recovery of cervical vertebrae and spinal cord functions and the conditions of complications were observed. Results The operation was successfully completed in all patients. The operation time was (84.36±12.43) minutes, and the intraoperative blood loss was (147.82±36.94) ml. The Cobb angle and anterior atlantodontic space 6 months and 1 year after operation were significantly smaller than those in pre-operation(all P＜0.05). During follow-up period of 1 year after operation, there were no loose plate, broken plate, broken nail, and the bone graft fusion was all good. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA)scores and American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scores at 1-year and 6-month after surgery were significantly higher than those in pre-operation(all P＜0.05). During the treatment, there were 1 case of incision infection, 2 cases of pneumothorax and 1 case of tissue injury, but no major vascular injury, esophageal injury, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, and so on. Conclusion Anterior decompression and bone grafting internal fixation has significant therapeutic effect and can promote recovery of spinal cord functions for the treatment of lower cervical spine fracture and dislocation.