Abstract:Objective To investigate the relationship between oxidative stress and acute kidney injury after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for the treatment of renal calculi.? Methods The clinical data of 70 patients with renal calculi treated with ESWL was analyzed retrospectively. According to the diagnostic criteria of acute kidney injury, 6 patients with acute kidney injury were designed as acute kidney injury group, and 64 patients without acute kidney injury were designed as non- acute kidney injury group. The changes in the indices of oxidative stress such as serum malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), NADPH oxidase subunit 2 (NOX2), NADPH oxidase subunit 4 (NOX4) and bifunctional oxidase 1 (DUOX1) were compared between two groups. Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress index and acute kidney injury. Drawing receiver operating characteristic curve( ROC) predicting acute renal injury by oxidative stress index.? Results The levels of MDA, NOX2, NOX4 and DUOX1 in acute kidney injury group were significantly lower than those in non acute kidney injury group, and the level of SOD was higher than that in non acute kidney injury group (all P<0.01). Spearman correlation analysis showed that SOD was negatively correlated with the blood creatinine level at 48 h (P<0.05) and positively correlated with urine 6-hour volume (P<0.05). The levels of MDA, NOX2, NOX4 and DUOX1 were positively correlated with the level of serum creatinine at 48 h (P<0.05) and negatively correlated with urine 6-hour volume (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that SOD、MDA、NOX2 and DUOX1 could predict acute kidney injury (P<0.05).? Conclusion The increase of oxidative stress indices after treatment of renal calculi by ESWL may be related to acute kidney injury, and SOD, MDA, NOX2, DUOX1 have certain predictive value for acute kidney injury.