Abstract:Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of the modified drug-eluting beads transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) in the treatment of unresectable large hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 169 cases of unresectable large hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma admitted to Linyi Cancer Hospital from January 2019 to September 2022. All patients received modified DEB-TACE treatment. The tumor response of patients at 1, 3, and 6 months after intervention was analyzed using the mRECIST standard. The disease progression time and overall survival of patients were recorded. Results A total of 169 patients underwent 403 rounds of modified DEB-TACE treatment, with an average of (2.38±0.74). At 1, 3, and 6 months after the first intervention, the objective remission rate (ORR) of the patients was 100%, 85.1%, and 75.5%, and the disease control rate (DCR) was 100%, 97.5%, and 88.8%, respectively. As of September 30, 2023, with a mean follow-up of (27.46±9.22) months, the median overall time for treated patients was 25.0 months and the median time to progression was 10.0 months. Adverse reactions associated with modified DEB-TACE were mainly fever, pain, nausea and vomiting, which were mild and relieved by symptomatic treatment, and no serious complications such as ectopic embolism occurred. ALT and AST of the patients at 1 week after DEB-TACE were differently elevated compared with the preoperative period, and all of them were returned to normal within 1 month after the operation. Conclusion The application of modified DEB-TACE in the treatment of unresectable large hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma is significantly effective and safe.