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投稿时间：2024-01-08 网络发布日期：2024-07-20
投稿时间：2024-01-08 网络发布日期：2024-07-20
中文摘要: 目的 了解江苏省盐城市阜宁县50岁及以上2型糖尿病患者对糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的认知和行为现状，评估与之相关的社会人口学因素。
方法 采用横断面研究方法进行整群随机抽样，在阜宁县疾病预防控制中心（CDC）慢病信息中心登记的共计84个抽样点（其中2个为预试验点）抽取50岁及以上2型糖尿病患者群，进行问卷调查、生化检查和眼部检查（包括日常生活视力、眼前节和眼底检查），了解受检者的一般情况、疾病史、血糖控制情况、有无DR和对DR知识的知行率（包括知晓和行为）。采用单因素分析和多因素logistic回归分析影响DR认知和行为的相关因素。
结果 共检录了2 067例糖尿病患者，实际1 965例完成调查，相关资料完整并最终纳入分析者1 816例，其中DR患者666例，检出率为36.67%。对1 816例患者进行12项问卷调查，调查总例次为21 792，12项回答正确相加总例次为5 893，则DR知识总知行率为27.04%。其中“了解DR相关知识的途径是什么？”知行率最高为60.19%，26.10%的患者是通过医生告知；其次“是否知道糖尿病会引起眼部病变？”知行率为58.09%；“是否参加过DR相关知识讲座？”知行率最低（3.41%）。多因素logisitic分析结果显示，收入水平（OR=1.735， 95%CI： 1.013~2.970）和糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）水平（OR=1.324， 95%CI： 1.031~1.700）是影响DR防治知识知行率的独立影响因素（P＜0.05）。
结论 在现有的慢病管理系统中，阜宁县50岁及以上2型糖尿病患者对DR防治知识的认知尤其是行为能力有待提高，要重视收入水平和HbAlc水平控制对糖尿病管理的影响，并加强宣教、健康管理和筛查，以预防DR的发生和发展。
Abstract:Objective To investigate the cognition and behavior of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes aged 50 and above in Funing County, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, and to evaluate its influencing factors.
Methods A cross-sectional study was used to conduct cluster random sampling. A total of 84 sampling sites (2 of which were pre-test sites) registered in the Chronic Disease Information Center of Funing County Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Jiangsu Province, were selected from patients with type 2 diabetes aged 50 and above. They were investigated by questionnaires, biochemical examination and ocular examinations (including daily visual acuity, anterior segment, and fundus examinations) to understand the general condition, disease history, blood glucose control, presence or absence of DR and the cognitive-behavioral rate of DR (including cognition and behavior). Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify factors affecting cognition and behavior related to DR.
Results A total of 2 067 diabetic patients were enrolled, of whom 1 965 completed the survey, and 1 816 with completion of questionnaire data were included in the statistical analysis. Among them, 666(36.67%) patients were diagnosed with DR. A questionnaire survey containing 12 items was conducted on 1 816 patients, with the total number of cases investigated being 21 792, and the total number of correct answers for the 12 questions being 5 893, so the total cognitive-behavioral rate of DR knowledge was 27.04%. The cognitive-behavioral rate of “what are the ways to learn about DR?” was the highest (60.19%), 26.10% of patients were told by their doctors, “diabetes can cause eye disease” was secondly (58.09%), and “have you attended any DR-related seminars?” was the lowest (3.41%). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that income（OR=1.735， 95%CI： 1.013-2.970）and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level (OR=1.324， 95%CI： 1.031-1.700) were independent risk factors for the cognition and behavior of DR (P＜0.05). 〖JP3〗
Conclusion In the existing chronic disease management system, the cognition and behavior of DR prevention and treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes aged 50 and above in Funing County are relatively low. In order to prevent the onset and progression of DR, it is necessary to strengthen health education and screening, especially from the perspectives of income and HbA1c levels.
文章编号： 中图分类号：R587.2 文献标志码：A
基金项目:江苏省卫生计生委科研课题项目(Y2018095)；南通市科技项目(MS12019030，MS12017012-3，JC2019078)
引用文本：
施健,沈亚琴,杨梅,等.江苏省阜宁县50岁及以上2型糖尿病患者对糖尿病视网膜病变的认知和行为调查[J].中国临床研究,2024,37(7):1060-1065.
施健,沈亚琴,杨梅,等.江苏省阜宁县50岁及以上2型糖尿病患者对糖尿病视网膜病变的认知和行为调查[J].中国临床研究,2024,37(7):1060-1065.