Abstract:Ketamine is a commonly used anesthetic drug, but its clinical use declined in the late 1990s due to its postoperative nightmares, extrapyramidal syndrome, and a tendency to abuse. As an isomer of ketamine, esketamine is applied in a smaller dose than racemic ketamine, with strong analgesic and sedative effects, fewer cardiovascular and psychiatric adverse reactions. It has a significant application value in pediatric anesthesia with fast metabolism and high clearance rate in vivo, slight impact on childrens respiratory and circulation, and rapid awakening and recovery.