Abstract:Objective To explore the value of peripheral blood system inflammation indicators such as neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) in predicting the acute attack and severity of asthma in children. Methods Eighty children with acute exacerbation of asthma diagnosed in the Department of Pediatrics of Huai'an First People's Hospital from January 2020 to August 2022 were retrospectively selected as the asthma group, including 39 severe and critically ill children as the severe group, 41 mild to moderate children as the non-severe group, and 60 healthy children in the same period were selected as the control group. The peripheral blood cell count was detected, and NLR, PLR and SII were calculated. ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive value of each index for acute attack and severe attack of asthma. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of NLR (Z=5.678, P＜0.01＝, PLR (Z=2.889, P＜0.01＝ and SII (Z=5.343, P＜0.01＝ in the asthma group were higher. NLR (Z=3.393, P＜0.01＝, PLR (Z=2.787, P＜0.01＝ and SII (Z=3.489, P＜0.01＝ levels in severe group were higher than those in non-severe group. ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of NLR, PLR and SII in predicting acute attack of asthma were 0.781 (95%CI: 0.705-0.853, P＜0.01＝, 0.643 (95%CI: 0.551-0.735, P＜0.01＝and 0.764 (95%CI: 0.685-0.843, P＜0.01＝, respectively. The AUC of NLR was the highest, with sensitivity and specificity of 68.8% and 76.7% respectively. The AUC of NLR, PLR and SII in predicting acute severe asthma attack were 0.720 (95%CI: 0.608-0.833, P＜0.01), 0.681 (95%CI: 0.559-0.803, P＜0.01) and 0.727(95%CI: 0.615-0.838, P＜0.01), respectively. The AUC of SII was the highest, with sensitivity and specificity of 61.5% and 80.5% respectively. Conclusion NLR, PLR and SII in peripheral blood have certain predictive value for acute attack and severe attack of asthma in children.