Abstract:Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of adenovirus（ADV） pneumonia in children. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the general data, symptoms, signs, auxiliary examination, treatment and prognosis of 1046 children with ADV pneumonia hospitalized in Jiangxi Children‘s Hospital from 2010 to 2019. They were divided into severe ADV pneumonia group（n=705,67.4%） and non-serious ADV pneumonia group（n=341,32.6%） according to the severity of the disease. The above clinical data were compared between two groups. Results The ratio of male to female was 1.5 to 1. The children aged 6 months to 2 years accounted for 47.2%. There were 189 cases（18.1%） with underlying diseases, 1024 cases（97.9%） with fever, 883 cases（84.4%） with fever peak of more than 39℃,747（71.4%） cases with heat duration of more than 7 days, 846（80.9%） cases with cough and 784（75.0%） cases with asthma. Moist rale was audible in 930 cases（88.9%）, and wheezing was audible in 795 cases（76.0%）. There were 550 cases（52.6%） with white blood cell counts(WBC) of more than 12×109/L, 435 cases（41.6%） with C-reaction protein(CRP) concentration of more than 20mg/L and 348 cases（49.0%） with procalcitonin level more than 0.5ng/mL among 710 children receiving serum procalcitonin test. Chest X-ray showed pulmonary consolidation in most patients. Bronchoscopy findings suggested endobronchial inflammation in 218 cases（98.6%） among 221 children undergoing bronchoscopy. The hormone therapy was given in 542 cases（51.8%）, 662 cases（63.3%） received immunoglobulin therapy, and 486 cases（46.5%） received mechanical ventilation. The cure and improvement rate was 92.1%, the sequelae occurred in 156 cases（14.9%）, and 149 cases（14.2%） had bronchiolitis obliterans. In severe ADV pneumonia group, the proportion of patients of male, from rural area, with hospital acquired infection and fever and the levels of CRP and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) were significantly higher than those in non-severe group（P<0.05）. ConclusionThe children with adenovirus pneumonia have severe clinical manifestations,with high inefficiency and the incidence of sequelae.