Abstract:Objective To investigate the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ［25-（OH）D］ concentration and its clinical significance in elderly women with postoperative delirium（POD） after hip fracture surgery. Methods From January 2019 to May 2022, 32 elderly female patients who developed POD after hip fracture surgery in Pizhou Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University were selected as POD group, for whom the memorial delirium assessment scale（MDAS） was used to assess the severity of POD. At the same time, 32 elderly female patients without POD after hip fracture surgery were served as controls. By double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）, the levels of 25-（OH）D in two groups were detected. The correlation between the serum 25-（OH）D level and the degree of POD was analyzed. Results The serum level of 25-（OH）D in POD group was significantly lower than that in control group ［（15.79±1.71）ng/mL vs（31.40±2.91）ng/mL, P＜0.05］, and the level of 25-（OH）D was negatively correlated with MDAS score（r=-0.803, P＜0.01）. Conclusion The low level of 25-（OH）D is a risk factor for POD in elderly women with hip fracture surgery, and the preoperative detection of serum 25-（OH）D concentration and vitamin D supplementation are effective in preventing POD of the patients.