Abstract:Iron deficiency is the most common malnutrition problem in the world. Iron plays a vital role in fetal growth and maternal health. The blood volume increases significantly during pregnancy to meet the iron needs of fetus for the normal growth and development. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is most likely to occur at this time. With the opening of “two-child” and “three-child” policies, the proportion of births has increased year by year. The maternal and child health of the second child has attracted much attention, so the monitoring and management of maternal health during pregnancy is particularly important. This paper reviews the research on iron nutrition level of pregnant women in China and abroad in recent years, aiming to provide guidance for the prevention, diagnosis and postpartum recovery of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women.