Abstract:Objective To preliminarily explore the application effect of constructing a lifestyle intervention program in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients by using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Methods A total of 120 GDM patients treated in a level-A tertiary hospital in Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province from January to December 2020 were selected and divided into control group and intervention group(n=60,each) by convenient sampling method. Routine nursing and lifestyle intervention guided by TPB theory were respectively implemented in control group and intervention group. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2h-PBG) levels, psychological elasticity and self-management ability were compared between two groups. Results Before intervention, there were no significant difference in FBG and 2h-PBG levels, total scores of self-management ability questionnaire for GDM patients(SMQGDM) and various aspects of psychological resilience by Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale （CD-RISC） between two groups (P>0.05). The reduced difference of FBG and 2h-PBG between post-intervention and pre-intervention was greater in intervention group than that in control group (P<0.01); and the total scores of SMQGDM and CD-RISC were statistically higher than those in control group after intervention (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Lifestyle intervention based on TPB theory is conducive to improve the physiological, psychological and self-management ability of GDM patients, promote maternal and infant health and reduce the incidence of long-term complications.