Abstract:Objective To explore the effect of strengthening the standardized management of neonatal jaundice in mother-infant room on the clinical outcome of hyperbilirubinemia and the importance of community general practitioners on neonatal health care. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 1 921 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia admitted to People's Hospital of Anshun City from July 2014 to June 2020 and delivered in the same hospital. Newborns admitted from July 2014 to June 2017 were taken as control group (without standardized monitoring of neonatal jaundice), and newborns admitted from July 2017 to June 2020 were taken as the management group (with standardized monitoring of neonatal jaundice and neonatal feeding). The clinical data of the two groups were compared and Logistic regression was used to discuss the influencing factors of the outcome of neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia. Results There were statistical differences in age at admission, the appearance time of jaundice, and serum total bilirubin at admission between two groups (P<0.01). After strengthening newborn feeding guidance, mixed feeding rate increased significantly from 26.0% before management to 42.5%(P＜0.01). The readmission rate of newborns due to neonatal hyperbilirubinemia after discharge from hospital decreased to 38.0% from 47.7% before standardized management (P<0.01). The incidence of severe hyperbilirubinemia decreased from 22.0% before standardized management to 10.2% (P＜0.01). In control group, neonatal age ［OR=1.070, 95%CI (1.016-1.128), P=0.010］ and the appearance time of jaundice ［OR=1.372, 95%CI (1.127-1.669), P=0.002］ were the risk factors for severe hyperbilirubinemia, and while the feeding method and neonatal hemolytic disease were not significantly correlated with it(P>0.05). After standardized management, neonatal age ［OR=1.241，95%CI (1.156-1.333)，P＜0.01］ was still a risk factor for severe hyperbilirubinemia, but the appearance time of jaundice was not statistically correlated with it (P>0.05). However, the feeding mode ［OR=0.750, 95%CI(0.591-0.952), P=0.018］ and the early detection and active intervention of hemolysis ［OR=0.429, 95%CI(0.237-0.777), P=0.005］ were the protective factors in the prevention of severe hyperbilirubinemia. Conclusion The standardized management and monitoring of jaundice in healthy newborns can effectively reduce the rate of readmission and the incidence of severe hyperbilirubinemia. After being transferred to the community after discharge, the general practitioner should continue the neonatal health care work in order to find the children with hyperbilirubinemia that need to be treated as soon as possible, and reduce the incidence of severe hyperbilirubinemia.