Abstract:Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of domestic independent research on domestic immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) combined with chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to provide reference for diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC. Methods A retrospective analysis of 68 cases of EGFR/ALK wild-type advanced NSCLC admitted to the department of Oncology, Pukou Branch of Jiangsu Provincial Peoples Hospital from October 2019 to December 2020 were performed. The subjects were divided into combination group(n=32) and chemotherapy group(n=36) according to different treatment regimens. The combination group was given PD-1 inhibitor immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy, and the control group was given conventional chemotherapy. After treatment, the efficacy, objective remission rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse drug reactions of the two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the ORR (46.88% vs 19.44%)and DCR(87.50% vs 66.67%) in combined group were higher than those in chemotherapy group (P<0.05). Two cases of hypothyroidism and two cases of skin toxicity occurred in combined group, which were immune related adverse reactions. There was no significant difference in bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal reaction and transaminase rise between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion For advanced NSCLC without driver gene mutations, chemotherapy and immunotherapy with domestic ICI are effective, and their adverse reactions can be tolerated.