Abstract:Objective To explore the effects of stellate ganglion block （SGB） on cerebral oxygen metabolism and inflammatory cytokines in the patient with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP). Methods Twenty-one SAP patients in Department of Critical Care Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from June 2016 to December 2018 were randomly divided into routine treatment group ( n =12,control group) and ultrasound-guided SGB combined with routine treatment group ( n =9,SGB group).The blood samples were collected from left radial artery and right internal jugular vein bulb for hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism monitoring at 24 h (T0), 48 h (T1), the third day (T2), the seventh day (T3) and the fourteenth day (T4) after admission. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the pre-and post-treatment serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) . Results In cerebral oxygen metabolism, the levels of arterial oxygen content (CaO2 ), arterial internal jugular vein bulbar oxygen difference (Da-jvO2 ) and cerebral extraction of oxygen (CEO2 ) decreased over time, while jugular venous oxygen saturation (SjvO2 ) increased in two groups( P <0.01). There were significant differences in the levels of CaO2 , Da-jvO2 , SjvO2 and CEO2 between two groups ( P <0.01). From T3 time point,the levels of Da-jvO2 and CEO2 in SGB group were lower than those in control group, and the levels of CaO2 and SjvO2 were higher than those in control group by pairwise comparison ( P <0.05, P <0.01). In terms of cerebral glucose and lactic acid metabolism, Da-jvGlu level significantly decreased, Da-jvLac level increased over time in two groups（ P ＜0.01）,and there were statistic differences in them between two groups（ P ＜0.01）.From T2 time point with pairwise comparison, the level of Da-jvGlu in SGB group was higher than that in control group, and the level of Da-jvLac was lower than that in control group ( P <0.05, P <0.01). After treatment, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in SGB group were significantly lower than those in control group ( P <0.05, P <0.01). Conclusions SGB can improve cerebral oxygen metabolism by reducing the changes of CaO2 , SjvO2 , CeO2 and Da-jvO2 caused by stress response， and improve the inflammatory response by regulating the levels of Da-jvLac, Da-jvgGlu and inflammatory factors in SAP patients.