Abstract:Objective To explore the occurrence and risk factors of agitation during recovery period in operating room in the elderly patients with femoral neck fracture. Methods A total of 117 elderly patients with femoral neck fracture receiving surgical treatment from January 2017 to August 2020 were enrolled to measure the incidence of agitation in the recovery period of anaesthesia after operation. After comparing the baseline data of patients with or without agitation , univariate and multivariate analysis were used to determine the risk factors leading to agitation. Results The incidence of agitation during recovery period was 17.09% (20/117). The prevalence of infection, metabolic abnormalities and anemia and the use of sevoflurane and thermal insulation measures during operation were statistically correlated with postoperative agitation in patients（P＜0.05）. The results of regression analysis showed that the risk factors of agitation were infection, metabolic abnormalities , anemia and intraoperative use of sevoflurane（OR＞1，P＜0.05）,and thermal insulation care during operation was protective against agitation (OR<1, P<0.05). Conclusion In the elderly patients with femoral neck fracture undergoing surgical treatment , there is a higher risk of postoperative agitation, more likely in the patients complicated with infection, metabolic abnormalities and anemia. Clinical attention should be paid to the prevention of postoperative agitation for the elderly patients with the above risk factors.