Abstract:Objective To investigate the CT angiography (CTA) imaging features of embryonic posterior cerebral artery (EPCA) and its relationship with ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICD). Methods From January 2017 to April 2020, 101 patients who diagnosed with EPCA in Anhui No. 2 Provincial People′s Hospital were selected for retrospective study. CTA was performed in all patients and the imaging characteristics of EPCA were observed. According to whether ICD was combined, the patients were divided into ICD group (n=58, 33 males and 25 females) and non-ICD group (n=43, 24 males and 19 females). The gender, age, smoking, drinking, unilateral variation or bilateral variation of blood vessels, complete or partial EPCA situation were compared in the two groups, and the correlation between them and ICD was analyzed. Results CTA imaging results of EPCA patients showed that EPCA was manifested as unilateral variation (left or right variation), bilateral variation, complete EPCA (absence of P1 segment of posterior cerebral artery), partial EPCA (thinning or dysplasia of P1 segment of posterior cerebral artery). There was no significant difference in age, gender, smoking and drinking composition between ICD and non-ICD groups (P>0.05). There were significant differences in the incidence of unilateral or bilateral vascular variation and complete or partial EPCA (P<0.01, P<0.05). The independent factors of ICD were unilateral variation (OR=2. 280, 95% CI:1. 057-4. 915, P=0.036) and partial EPCA (OR=1. 042, 95%CI:1. 007-8. 978, P=0.020), and all of them were positively correlated with ICD(r=0.476, P=0.022;r=0.338, P=0.034). Conclusion Unilateral vascular variation and partial EPCA could be independent risk factors for ICD, and they may be positively correlated with ICD. CTA imaging is helpful to identify the risk factors of ICD.