Abstract:Objective To explore the clinical efficiency and value of microsurgery for traumatic injury to the hypoglossal nerve. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 4 cases of hypoglossal nerve injury,including 2 cases from maxillofacial trauma and 2 cases caused by iatrogenic factors from January 2009 to December 2016.The microsurgery through maxillofacial incision or submaxillary incision was performed to repair the hypoglossal nerve,in which 3 cases were repaired by end-to-end neurorrhaphy,and 1 case was repaired by transplantation of great auricular nerve.For one case with lingual nerve injury,the end-to-end anastomosis of lingual nerve was conducted at the same time,and for another case combined with mandibular fracture open reduction and rigid internal fixation was performed simultaneously. Results Four patients achieved good results after treatment.At three months after operation,the patients were conscious of the improvement of tongue movement.One year later,deviation of tongue extension basically returned to normal in three patients;one patient still had slight deviation of tongue extension,however,the tongue movement and language were obviously improved.For the patient with lingual nerve injury and the patient with mandibular fracture,the sense of tongue and the occlusal relationship return to normal after operation,respectively. ConclusionMicrosurgical repair for traumatic hypoglossal nerve injury can achieve good results.