Abstract:Objective To investigate the effects of menopause and age on blood glucose in premenopausal women. Methods A total of 12 082 physical examination records from 1 971 healthy women aged 40-65 in the physical examination department of Shijitan Hospital from 2008 to 2017 were collected as samples of women of different ages and grouped according to age. Results The blood glucose level in postmenopausal women was statistically higher than that in non-menopausal women ［(5.57±1.29) mmol/L vs (5.28±0.92) mmol/L, t'=14.282, P<0.001］. There were significant differences in blood glucose levels of women in different age groups (F=78.292, P<0.001). Pairwise comparison showed that the blood glucose level increased with age. Both menopause and age had influences in blood glucose level, but the additive effect of two factors was only about 2% (R²==0.020, adjusted R²==0.019). The variation of blood glucose caused by age was much larger than that caused by menopause (100.275 vs 9.133), and the former was nearly 11 times of the latter. After deducting the influence of age, the risk of diabetes in postmenopausal women increased by 42.8% (OR=1.428, 95% CI :1.030-1.981), and after deducting the influence of menopause, age was still an important factor affecting blood glucose level. Compared with women in aged 40-48 group, there was no increased risk of diabetes in women aged 49-52 group(OR=1.321,95% CI :0.932-1.874), however, the risk increased by more than 75% in women aged 53-58 group (OR=1.754, 95% CI :1.209-2.544) and was nearly 1.5 times of that in women aged 59-65 group(OR=2.454, 95% CI :1.687-3.568). Conclusion Menopause and age have influences on blood glucose level, and the effect of age is greater than that of menopause. The combined effect of menopause and age on blood glucose reaches 2. 0% only.