Abstract:Objective To explore the timing selection of smallbonewindow craniotomy microsurgery for cerebral hemorrhage on hypertensive basal ganglia and its effect on treatment emergent symptom scale(TESS) of patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 80 patients with cerebral hemorrhage on hypertensive basal ganglia,who received small bone window craniotomy microsurgery from January 2015 to June 2017 and divided into groups according to the different opportune moment of operation.The early operation was performed 6-48 hours after the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage in control group,and ultraearly operation was performed within 6 hours after the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage in observation group (n=40,each).Barthel activities of daily living index score (Barthel index),clinical neurological deficit of stroke patients［China Stroke Scale(CSS)］,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and TESS score were compared between two groups,and the patients were followed up for 6 months to observe the situation of rebleeding,rehospitalization and postoperative complications.Results One month after operation,the scores of Barthel index,CSS,NIHSS and TESS in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05,P<0.01),however,there were no statistical differences in them at six months after operation (P>0.05).After postoperative six months,the total scores were significantly higher than those of the first month after operation in two groups (P<0.01).There were no significant differences in the rates of rebleeding and readmission between two groups (P>0.05).The incidence of complications in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group (5.00% vs 20.00%,χ2=4.114,P=0.000).Conclusions In the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage on hypertensive basal ganglia,the timing selection of small bone window microsurgery has a certain effect on the prognosis of patients.The risk of complications after ultraearly operation is relatively low,and early operation has a little advantage in controlling rebleeding,so the best choice should be made according to the actual situation of patients.