Abstract:Objective To study the correlation between serum lipopolysaccharide(LPS),nuclear transcription factor (NF)-κB and diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Methods From April 2018 to February 2019,a total of 47 patients with type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy were selected as DPN group,22 T2DM patients without neuropathy were selected as DM group,and 15 physical examiners were served as control group.The levels of LPS and NF-κB were detected and compared among three groups to analyze the association of LPS and NF-κB with DPN. b>Results The levels of LPS and NF-κB in three groups were significantly different ( F=36.587,P<0.01; F=32.787,P<0.01).Compared with control group,the serum levels of LPS and NF-κB increased significantly in DM and DPN groups（P<0.01),and they were higher in DPN group than those in DM group(P<0.05）.Pearson correlation analysis showed that LPS and NF-κB were positively correlated with BMI,FBS,HbA1c,fasting C peptide,fasting insulin,fasting glucagon and insulin resistance index (P< 0.05,P< 0.01),negatively correlated with HDL-C (P<0.01) and unrelated to age,disease history,TC,TG,U-Alb（P>0.05）in DPN group.Binomial Logistic regression analysis showed that LPS（ OR=1.994，P=0.003）and NF-κB（ OR=1.055，P=0.042）were the independent risk factors of DPN. ConclusionSerum LPS and NF-κB are the related factors of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and may participate in the occurrence and development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy through inflammatory response and insulin resistance.