Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of Ziyin Yangxin decoction on severe hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) and its effect on serum pattern recognition receptor and injury index. Methods A total of 127 children with severe HFMD who received treatment from February 2016 to March 2018 were selected and divided into observation group(n=64) and control group(n=63) randomly.The control group was treated with acyclovir, while the observation group was treated with acyclovir and Ziyin Yangxin decoction.After 5 days of treatment, the therapeutic effect, serum related factors levels and adverse reactions of the two groups were observed. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was slightly higher than that of the control group without signifant difference (95.31% vs 85.71%, P>0.05).The cure time, rash regression time, fever abatement time and oral ulcer regression time of the observation group were significantly shorter than those of the control group (P<0.01). After treatment, the levels of serum pattern recognition receptors (CD14, collectin, dectin), inflammatory factors(IL-6, IL-10, CRP, PCT, TNF-α) and organ injury indexes(NT-proBNP, S100β, NSE, SP-A) in the two groups decreased, and those of the observation group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.01). There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Acyclovir and Ziyin Yangxin decoction have better effect in the treatment of severe HFMD, which can effectively shorten the cure time, improve the body′s pattern recognition receptor level, reduce the level of inflammatory factors, so as to reduce the damage of heart, brain, lung and other organs, with less adverse reaction.