Abstract:Objective To explore the influences of co-infected acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) on clinical symptoms, laboratory examination results, imaging features and prognosis of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB). Methods From May 2011 to August 2016, 37 PTB patients with confirmed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)(HIV-PTB group) and 59 patients with simple PTB(PTB group) were selected.After collecting the disease-related clinical symptoms, laboratory examination and imaging examination results, the prognostic factors of PTB patients were explored by multivariate cox regression analysis. Results Complicated HIV infection had no significant effect on cough, sputum, diarrhea and other symptoms in PTB patients(P>0.05), but the incidences of fever, hemoptysis, night sweats, dyspnea and weight loss in HIV-PTB group were significantly higher than those in PTB group(P<0.05, P<0.01).Compared with PTB group, the number of CD4⁺T cells significantly decreased, and the proportions of miliary nodule shadow, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, involvement of more than two lung segments and mediastinal lymph node enlargement significantly increased in HIV-PTB group (all P<0.05).However, the incidence of TB cavity formation in HIV-PTB group was significantly lower than that in TB group (P<0.05).The age of more than 40 years old at HIV diagnosis, non-sexual transmission of HIV, CD4⁺T cell number ［(/mm³)<200］ and no antiviral treatment were the independent risk factors for the prognosis of PTB patients with AIDS (P<0.05). Conclusion Co-infected AIDS in PTB patients will aggravate the clinical symptoms such as fever and hemoptysis, worsen the degree of lung lesions and reduce the number of CD4⁺T cells, thus affecting the prognosis of the patients.