Abstract:Objective To observe the impacts of umbilical cord milking(UCM) during cesarean section on neonatal complications. Methods A retrospective analysis was made in 1 000 neonates born via cesarean section from June 2017 to December 2018.According to whether UCM was applied to transfer cord blood to neonates during cesarean section,the neonates were divided into experiment group(n=428,124 premature infants and 304 full-term infants) and control group(n=572,136 premature infants and 436 full-term infants).Neonatal asphyxia,the levels of hemoglobin (HGB),packed cell volume (PCV) and bilirubin at 3 days after birth were observed and compared between two groups. Results There were no significant differences in bilirubin level and incidence of hyperbilirubinemia between two groups(all P>0.05).Compared with control group,the levels of HGB and PCV significantly increased,and the incidence rates of neonatal asphyxia and anemia significantly decreased in experiment group (P<0.01,P<0.05).In experiment group,there were no significant differences in the incidences of neonatal asphyxia,hyperbilirubinemia and anemia between full-term and premature infants(all P>0.05).In control group,the incidences of neonatal asphyxia and anemia in premature infants were significantly higher than those in full-term infants(all P<0.01),and there was no significant difference in the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia between them (P>0.05). Conclusions The use of UCM for neonatal blood transfusion in nconates during cesarean section can reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia and anemia without increasing the incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.Its effect is more obvious for premature infants.